GAILILEAN TRANSFORMATION

Galileo and newton say that all the laws of mechanics are the same in the inertial reference frame, all equally valid inertial frame, there is no privileged reference frame, it is the classical concept of relativity.

                   

From the folowing figure:

S(x,y,z,t).          S΄(x΄,y΄,z΄)

Coordinates x'y'z't 'gives the location of the stationary point fixed reference frame measured from the reference frame moving.

Also, analysts at mobile framework can say that point is at x'y'z't 'moves relative to the frame. x = x’ + v t                     x’ = x – v t                    vx = v‘x + v

y = y’                            y’ = y                            vy = v’y

z = z’                            z’ = z                            vz = v’z

t = t’                             t’ = t

This experts argued that space and time coordinates do not mix.

Newton's laws are invariant under Galilean transformations, which has the same shape regardless of the movement observer. Galilean transformation is "common sense appropriate with our daily lives. The results of relativity Galileian: no mechanical experiments can detect absolute motion, but galileo transformation can not be used to frame moving with very high speed approaching the speed of light.

At that time, scientists believed that because of the light is the wave of the need for the media to propagation, the media called ether. Ether: everywhere even in free space "Nearly absolute vacuum", but the planets and other objects can move freely through it and "in absolute rest". Before the Eistein Ether is a universal frame of reference that, where the speed of light measured in accordance with Maxwell's equations.

NEWTONIAN THEORY OF RELATIVITY

A

A

1

2

v

Speed of the watershed watershed

 

                                                                                                             

Are both the boat will return to the place of origin is same time if moving at the same velocity V? If the time taken by the boat to return to the origin is T1 and for boat 2 is T2.

So according to Newtonian mechanics T1 ≠ T2. In Newtonian mechanics we get the price comparison T1/T2 is:

 If the measurement is the same we did for light, then if T1 and T2 will be different?.

THE MICHELSON – MORLEY

A

½ light through A

½ light through B

B

 

Purpose of the Michelson and Morley is to prove the existence of ether. Michelson and Morley's experiment in July, 1887. They found no difference There is no movement of the ether. No ether (no universal frame of reference that). They tried it again repeatedly, to eliminate in July they will likely happen to the Earth is not moves to ether, until 1929. And they still get the same results.

In fact they will be, if we believe in Michelson and Morley and Maxwell, we conclude that velocity wave radiation E & M is equal to all frames of reference that are not accelerating. Not dependent movement of radiation sources. Ether which is the only frame of reference Maxwell's equations apply where there was not. There is a conflict between Galileo and the Maxwell equations, Newton Maxwell's equations are not invariant under Galilean transformations.

POSTULATE OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY THEORY

1. All the laws of physics are the same in all inertial frame of reference

2. The speed of light in "free space" has the same value for all inertial reference frame of the observer.

From the first postulate: there is no frame of reference were completely silent. Motion (movement) was relative Two physical events occurring simultaneously on a single frame of reference inertial also seen simultaneously by other inertial reference frame if the event occur at a time and place same. Time is relative time dilation.

LORENTZ TRANSFORMATIONS

Maxwell's equations are not invariant under Galilean transformations It is already known by physicists in the 1800s as a serio us problem that must be solved. The effect of Einstein's postulates is the transformation a connecting room with two frames of reference inertial. Transformation is the Lorentz transformation which makes the Maxwell equations become invariant.

Transformasi balik.

A to B = t1 = L / (c + v)

B to A = t2 = L / (c - v)

CC

L

 = th=

Ether drift

A

B

L

                                                 

the deferented between A-B-A and A-C-A:

Lorents factor

 

TIME DILATATION

The time is not  same for inersial frame and mobile frame.